血压测量教学中学生不易掌握环节的调查分析

Difficulties for Students Learning How to Measure Blood Pressure

目的对学生在学习血压测量过程中不易掌握环节进行调查分析,从而为教学提供基础资料。方法按照规定学时在血压测量示教、练习后,教师通过目测、询问、考试等方法找出学生操作与教材不符的环节并进行分析。结果学生操作不符合教材规范环节依次为:充气(97.0%)、放气(72.2%)、听诊器胸件位置(56.0%)、袖带松紧度(54.3%)、搏动音听诊(49.7%)。不同学制之间差异无统计学意义。结论血压测量操作教学中,应强调听诊器胸件放于肱动脉搏动点上;用3种方法可替代教材对于充气的要求;开始学习放气宁慢勿快;初学者最好裸露整个上臂练习;舒张压强调以搏动消失为准。

Objective To analyze the difficulties for students learning how to measure blood pressure,so as to provide evidences for teaching. Methods The students were taught how to measure blood pressure according to teaching plan, then the malperformance of students were picked out by observing,inquirying, and examination. Results The common malperformance of students included inflation （97 % ）, deflation （72.2 % ）, misplacement of stethoscope （56 % ）, tight degree of bandage （54.3%）,and auscultalation of pulsation sound （49.7 %）. There was no evident difference among students of different educational backgrounds. Conclusion It is very important to place the stethoscope on the pulsation site of brachial artery. There are 3 methods can replace the requirement of inflation in teaching material;it is better to deflate slowly at the beginning of learning. Students should exercise with their upper arms totally exposed. The diastolic pressure should be taken when the pulsation sound disappears.