石刁柏幼胚胚状体发生与细胞学研究

Studies on Somatic Embryogenesis and Cell Morphology of Immature Asparagus officinalis L.Embryos

以3个来自国外的石刁柏品种（C.IL,PURPLE和APOLLO）为试材,研究不同基因型以及培养基中添加2,4-D、KT、6-BA和NAA等生长物质对石刁柏幼胚胚状体发生的影响。结果表明,幼胚在MS＋2,4-D 1.0 mg/L＋KT 0.5mg/L＋6-BA 2.0 mg/L培养基中可直接诱导产生体细胞胚。降低2,4-D的浓度,将诱导产生的体细胞胚组织块继代培养2-3次可诱导产生出米黄色颗粒状的胚性愈伤组织,继而有胚状体的发生。胚性细胞继续分裂形成多细胞原胚,经球形胚、梨形胚、长形胚、子叶分化期到成熟胚,其发生的胚状体与单子叶合子胚形成具有相似的过程。

Three varieties（C. IL, PURPLE and APOLLO） were applied in somatic embryogenesis of Asparagus officialis L. Different growth substances such as 2,4-D, KT, 6-BA and NAA were added in the MS substrate. Results indicated that somatic embryos were induced directly from immature embryo axes cultured on basal MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1.0 mg/L,KT 0.5 mg/L and 6-BA 2.0 mg/L.When decreasing the level of 2,4-D,yellow embryogenic callus were induced from tissue of somatic embryos cultured for 2 - 3 times, and somatic embryos at different stages appeared. The embryogenic cell first divided into muhicellular proembryos, then globular embryoid, pearshaped embryoid, long embryoid, scutiform embryoid and mature embryoid. Asparagus officialis L. embryogenesis from epidermical cells or subepidermical cells was similar to that of the zygotic embryo.