亚热带几种森林类型下土壤的理化性质

Physical and chemical properties of soils under four forest types in subtropical zone

在福建省邵武市卫闽林场，对本底条件一致的同龄杉木林、马尾松林、天然阔叶林及杉阔混交林林下土壤进行了野外调查和室内分析，结果表明：土壤容重为天然阔叶林＜杉阔混交林＜马尾松林＜杉木林；总孔隙度和最大含水量为天然阔叶林＞杉阔混交林＞杉木林＞马尾松林；＜０．００１ｍｍ细微颗粒百分含量为阔叶林＜杉阔混交林＜杉木林＜马尾松林；土壤ｐＨ为阔叶林＞杉阔混交林＞马尾松林＞杉木林；速效Ｐ，速效Ｋ，全Ｎ和有机质含量均为阔叶林＞杉阔混交林＞杉木林＞马尾松林；年凋落物的数量为马尾松林＞天然阔叶林＞杉阔混交林＞杉木林；营养元素的年归还量为天然阔叶林＞马尾松林＞杉阔混交林＞杉木林，天然阔叶林和杉阔混交林培肥土壤的能力比杉木林和马尾松林高。

Soils under four forest types (including chinese fir plantation, masson pine plantation, broad leaved plantation and broad leaf tree and chinese fir mixed plantation at the same age) located in Weiming Forest Farm of Shaowu City in Fujian Province were studied. Results showed that soils under chinese fir and masson pine plantation had worse physical properties than those under broad leaved and mixed plantations. As chemical properties were concerned, pH values were:chinese fir <masson pine<mixed forest<broad leaved plantation; Total N, available P, available K and O.M. contents of broad leaved forest were higher than mixed plantation, mixed plantation higher than chinese fir and masson pine was the lowest;masson pine had the largest amount of floor, broad leaved forest had the second and mixed forest and chinese fir had the third and the smallest respectively.The returned nutrient elements of the broad leaved forest was the highest,those of masson pine, mixed forest and chinese fir were the second, third and lowest,respectively. Authors address Nanjing Forestry University, 210037 PRC