不同职业健康女性与男性对-30°头低位的反应

Difference of Responses of Males and Females under-30° Head-down Tilt

目的观察不同职业男女人群在头低位倾斜实验中的反应,比较其异同点。方法被试者42名,分为4组:女职业组(A组)11人、女飞行组(B组)10人、男特飞组(C组)14人和男职业组(D组)7人。观察他们在-30°45min头低位期间心率(HR)、血压(BP)和症状的变化。结果男女4组心率均随头低位倾斜(HDT)时间延长而下降,以男职业组和女飞行组的降低明显(P<0.05);男特飞组SBP、MBP显著高于女性两组(P<0.05),DBP明显高于女飞行组(P<0.05);男职业组HR、BP均显著高于女职业组(P<0.05)。女职业组DBP、MBP显著高于对照值(P<0.01),DBP两女性组间有显著差异(P<0.05)。女性组对HDT的症状反应较男性组轻。结论女性组心率对HDT的反应趋势与男性一致;血压的调节在女性与男性间,女性不同职业间存在差异,症状是判断HDT耐力的因素之一。

Objective To find out the difference of responses to HDT between females and males of different occupations. Methods Healthy female employees （group A, n = 11） and female pilots （group B, n =10） and male special pilots（group C, n = 14） and male employees（group D, n =7） were tested with -30°head-down tilt for 45 min. Results Heart rate（HR） of females and males all decreased with time during HDT, especially male employees group and female pilots group（P 〈 0.05）; SBP and MBP of male special pilots were significantly higher than both groups of female （P〈0. 05）,and their DBP are higher than those of female pilots（P 〈0.05）; HR and BP of male employees are higher than female employees （P 〈0.05）. DBP and MBP of female employees increased significantly （P 〈 0.01 ）. Symptoms of females to HDT were less than those of males. Conclusion Reaction of HR in females to the HDT are similar to males;there is defference in regulation of blood pressure between males and females, also between females of different occupations. Symptom of subject may be one of the factors for determining the tolerance to HDT.