水土流失地区小流域水土保持林可持续经营技术研究

The Investigation of Sustainable Management Technology for Preserve Forest in Soil and Water Loss District

文章通过对德庆县马墟镇深涌小流域地区典型森林群落生长量、丰富度、多样性指数及各群落林地土壤条件状况、枯枝落叶层的调查分析,提出了防护地段以针阔混交林为主,沟谷缓坡发展果园,以林果结合为主的生态经济型防护系统,实现生态与经济和谐发展。防护地段马尾松+木荷,罗浮栲+木荷的混交林有较好的防护效能,乔木层丰富度分别为针叶纯林的3倍和2倍,生物多样性指数为针叶纯林的153%和183%,林下土壤微生物含量和枯枝落叶层吸水系数也远高于针叶纯林。

To implement the sustainable forest management, the analyses of community growth, richness, diversity, the state of soil, water absorption coefficient of little layer from typical forest community in the soll and water loss region were performed. In that region, the mixed forests of Pinus massoniana ＋ Schima superba and Castanopsis fabri ＋ Schima superba have better protective effect, their richness is 3 times and 2 times as much as Pinus massonian forest, and their biodiversity is 1.53 times and 1.83 times as much as Pinus massonian forest, respectively. Based on the data, it was proposed we build eco-economic protection system of coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests, as well as the hollow and complanate place developing orchard in that region, in order to implement harmonious development of ecology and economy.