高等学校大学生校内申诉制度研究(上)

On Appeal System for College Students in the Campus(Part I)

诉讼作为传统的纠纷解决和权利救济手段,在解决大学生与高等学校法律争议方面,仍暴露其不足:诉讼成本过高、遭遇学术自由对司法审查的限制等。故诉讼未必是大学生权利救济的首选或最佳选择(但一定是最后的选择)。而高等学校的校内申诉机制则有成本低廉、更符合行为者的文化心理特征、利于学校内部监控与纠错、尊重大学自主权的优势,故宜将其作为行政复议或行政诉讼的前置程序。不过也必须认识到校内申诉机制自身存在若干缺陷,有诸多亟待完善之处。文章通过比较分析域外国家或地区的校内申诉制度,提出借鉴、吸取先进经验,进一步完善我国高等学校的校内申诉制度,从而充分发挥校内申诉的作用,以有效地解决高校与学生的纠纷,并实现对学生权利的救济。

As a traditional means of settling disputes and right remedy, lawsuit between college students and colleges shows some defects ： high cost of lawsuit, limitation of academic freedom to legal census, etc. Therefore, lawsuit might not be the first or best choice of right remedy for college students （ but it must be the last choice）. However, the appeal system in the campus has priorities such as low cost, conforming more to cultural psychologies of acting parties, good for inner supervision and correction of schools and respecting schools＇ decision making power so it should be taken as prior procedures of administrative review or lawsuit. But defects exist in the appeal system itself and should be improved. By comparing the appeal system in foreign countries or regions, the article proposes that we learn from good experiences, improve the appeal system in China so as to make full use of the appeal to settle well the disputes between students and schools and realize the remedy of students＇ rights.