入关前清(后金)南略次数考——兼论《清实录》之失载

Study of the Number of Qing Dynasty's Attacking on the South Before 1644:Simultaneously on the Omission of Qingtaizong Shilu

清(后金)南略是指自1629年至1643年的14年间,皇太极先后多次自山海关以西长城各关口入塞,对明朝统治下的京畿、河北、山东、山西等地进行反复的屠戮和抢掠。对于南略的次数,各学者的认识互有歧异。本文根据明、清两方面的记载,考证出南略的次数为六次。并根据《旧满洲档》和《清太宗实录》之间的关系,指出《旧满洲档》在清入关之时就已经散失了,由此导致《清太宗实录》的疏漏。

Qing（ also called Late Jin）Dynasty＇s attacking on the south refers to the historical events happening during the fifteen years between 1629 AD. and 1643 AD. ： the Emperor Huang Taiji got into the south of the Great Wall from the barriers on the west of the Shanhaiguan ; they slaughtered and plundered repeatedly the capital city＇s environs, Hebei Province, Shandong Province, Shanxin Province, etc, which were under the governance of Ming Dynasty. There is debate on the exact number that Huang Taiji made attacking on the south. According to the records of Ming and Qing Dynasty, the paper thinks that the exact number is six. Based on analysis of the relationship between the Old Archives of Manchu State and the Qingtaizong Shilu （ Records of Huang Taiji） , the author puts forward that before the Qing Dynasty＇s getting into Shanhaiguan the Old Archives of Manchu State had already been lost, which consequently led to the omission of the Qingtaizong Shilu.