满族的抱见礼

Manchu's Meeting Etiquette of Baojianli

抱见礼是满族早期的一个重要礼俗,可行于同辈之间、不同辈之间以及男女之间。后金政权建立后,抱见礼有了两种内涵:一种是广义的抱见礼,也可以说是一种风俗;另一种是狭义上的抱见礼,即属于国家礼仪制度中的一种礼仪,在迎接凯旋归来的将领、接见蒙古各部的首领或归降的汉族将领时使用。由于汉族风俗和伦理观念的影响,广义的抱见礼到清朝中期基本消失,但是作为国家礼仪制度中的抱见礼,仍在一些特定的场合使用。

Being a major meeting etiquette during the initial stage of the Manchu history, Baojianli（ tebel- iyeme achambi） could be saluted in peers, between different generation, men and women. Shortly after the foundation of the Late Jin Dynasty, the term ＂tebeliyeme achambi＂ could be used in a broad and a narrow sense. The former was still a custom. The latter, which was saluted when the general returned in triumph, the Mongolian leader came and some Han generals surrendered, became a propriety in the ceremony system. Un- der the influence of the Han customs and moral principles, the Manchu＇s meeting etiquette of Baojianli in a broad sense was dying out in the middle period of the Qing Dynasty. In a narrow sense, however, it was still saluted on some specific occasions.