口腔护理提高咳嗽反射敏感性的研究

Study on oral care to improve the sensitivity of cough reflex

目的探讨口腔护理对提高咳嗽反射敏感性的效果。方法将70例老年受试者随机分为干预组和对照组各35例。于受试的30d内，干预组由专职护理人员于每餐后对受试者进行口腔护理，而对照组按照自己平时的洗嗽方法，只在早上起床后洗漱口腔1次/d。采用柠檬酸超声雾化诱导咳嗽反射法于受试开始后的第1、10、20、30天分别检测2组的咳嗽阈值，并进行比较。结果干预组的咳嗽反射阈值逐渐降低，而对照组无明显变化。2组的咳嗽反射敏感性比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。干预组第20天和第30天的咳嗽反射敏感性明显高于第1天和第10天（P〈0．05）。结论口腔护理可以提高老年人咳嗽反射的敏感性，从而有效预防吸入性肺炎的发生。

Objective In order to know the improvement effects of oral care for sensitivity of cough reflex. Methods Divided 70 elder patients into the intervention group （35 cases） and the control group （35 cases） randomly. Special oral care was used in the intervention group within 30 days, while no special oral care in the control group, and oral care was carried out according to patients＇ own habits. Compared the cough threshold values between the two groups at the time points. Results The cough reflex threshold in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group （P〈0.05）. In the intervention group,cough reflex sensitivity at the 20th and the 30th day showed significantly higher sensitivity than those at the 1st day and the 10th day （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in cough reflex sensitivities among the time points in the control group. Conclusion Intensive oral care may improve cough reflex sensitivity.It is on active measure of reducing the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.