影响比喻浮现结构的认知因素

Cognitive Elements Influencing on Emergent Structure of Metaphor

本文从语义可及性、原型性、语义突显三个方面对比喻浮现结构进行了探讨,认为在比喻浮现结构中,本、喻体在语义的可及性方面存在着差异,语义可及性对比喻浮现结构中比喻要素的判定、比喻浮现结构的生成与理解起着制约作用;在比喻浮现结构中,一般而言,喻体的语义原型性要强于本体,如本、喻体的语义可及性、原型性差别不明显,则本、喻体一般可互换位置;而本、喻体的非对称性分布则充分体现了突显原则对比喻浮现结构的制约与影响。

Metaphor is a kind of emergent structure. This paper discusses metaphor emergent structure from the following aspects： semantic accessibility, semantic prototypicality , semantic salience, holds that there are differences between the body of the metaphor and the engine of the metaphor in semantic accessibility, semantic accessibility restricts the judgment of metaphor elements , the generation and comprehension of metaphor emergent structure. Generally speaking, the prototypicality of the engine in metaphor emergent structure is stronger than that of the body, if there are no obvious differences between the body and the engine, we can exchange the positions of the body and the engine. The asymmetric distribution of the body and the engine embodies the influence and restriction inflicted by principle of prominence.