民间谣谚与北朝政治

The Folk Proverbs and the Politics in Northern Dynasty

北朝时期,社会上曾一度流传着大量的时政谣谚。这些谣谚,多借助于广大民众之口,表达各个政治集团、精英群体及普通民众对政治事件、重要人物和社会现实的看法与态度。谣谚的内容,或者预测未来政治的发展趋势和重要人物的政治命运,或者揭示地方官吏为政的好坏,或者对人物的品貌和才华进行品评。谣谚的流行对当时的政治社会产生了深刻的影响。一方面,它表现出强烈的社会批判意识和参与意识,客观上起到了推动政局发展,选拔人才和监督地方统治的积极作用;另一方面,也成为政治家、军事家和野心家打击和中伤政敌,清除对手或实现改朝换代等政治图谋的工具与手段。

There are many folk proverbs in Northern Dynasty.Some forecasted future tendency of political development and important personage＇s political destiny,others promulgated the qualities that the government officials ruled,and others carried on the appraisals of personal characters,facial expression and the talent.The folk proverbs affected the society deeply.On one hand,they demonstrated people＇s awareness of social criticism and involvement on the current politics,facilitated the development of political situation,selected the talented persons and inspected the rule of lower management.On the other hand,they also became the instrument that the politicians,military leaders defeated the political enemies,eliminated the opponents or realized the change of dynasties.