上海崇明岛银灰菊花期精油成分分析

Compositions Analysis of Essential Oil of Santolina chamaecyparissus L.during Florescence in Shanghai Chongming Island

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取植株精油,用GC和GC-MS鉴定其化学成分,对种植于上海崇明岛的银灰菊(Santolina chamaecyparissus L.)花期精油含油率及成分的变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:银灰菊在初花期、盛花期、末花期,精油含有率分别为:1.45、2.05、1.38 mL·kg-1鲜重,盛花期精油含量最高。研究鉴定出25种精油成分,主要为酮类、萜烯类和醇类物质。精油主成分为蒿酮(19.39%～24.02%)、Vulgarone(16.16%～22.23%)、β-水芹烯(13.56%～18.08%)、月桂烯(9.00%～12.11%)、桧烯(3.50%～4.78%)、β-蒎烯(3.58%～4.07%)。整个花期精油成分物质没有发生显著变化,而各成分的相对含有率变化明显。

The changing regulation of the content and compositions of essential oil of Santolina chamaecyparissus L. during florescence was studied, which was grown in Shanghai Chongming Island. Steam distillation was used to extract the essential oil from S. chamaecyparissus, while GC and GC-MS were used to analyze the composition of the oil. The result indicated that the average content of the oil of S. chamaecyparissus was 1.45, 2.05, 1.38 mL.kg^-1（FW） in the preliminary florescence, flourishing florescence and terminal florescence respectively, and the content reached peak in the flourishing florescence. The essential oil was identified to be composed of 25 kinds of substance, most of which were ketones, terpenes and alcohols. The main components of the essential oil were Artemisia ketone （19.39%-24.02%）, Vulgarone （16.16%-22.23%）, Myrcene （9.00%-12.11%）, [3-phellandrene （13.56%- 18.08%）, Sabinene（3.50%-4.78%）and [3-pinene（3.58%-4.07%）. The composition of the essential oil had no remarkable changes during the whole florescence, while the content ration of each component changed evidently.