人为干扰对福建建瓯常绿阔叶林物种多样性的影响

Effects of Human-caused Disturbance on the Species Diversity of the Evergreen Broad-leaf Forest in Jianou City

以福建建瓯万木林自然保护区核心区保护完整的常绿阔叶林(forest in conservedarea,C)和地处同镇,生境基本一致,曾受人为严重破坏的吴大源村和七道村的常绿阔叶林(forest with human-caused disturbance,D)为对象,分析人为干扰对建瓯常绿阔叶林群落物种多样性的影响。研究表明,C群落与D群落物种丰富度分别为69.3和78.7,差异明显。D群落物种多样性的增加是因为灌木、草本及藤本植物所占比例较C群落增多所致。群落各层次的Shannon-Wiener指数及其均匀度计算表明,人为干扰对群落上层物种多样性影响较大,D群落高大乔木待恢复。D群落经过多年封山育林,由于种类入侵和竞争,正在形成物种更为丰富的当地典型地带性植被类型。该结果表明一定程度的人为干扰与封山育林相结合,可能是维持甚至增加群落物种多样性的有效手段。

Based on the investigation to two kinds of communities which included three conserved forest communities in Wanmulin Nature Reserve （C） in Fangdao town of Jianou city and four human- caused disturbed forest communities（D） in the same town and hereby with a similar ecological environment, we analyzed the effects of human - caused disturbance on the species diversity of evergreen broad - leaf forest in Jianou city of Fujian province. The results showed that the richness of D（78.7） is higher remarkably than that of C（69.3）. since the species quantity at the shrub,herb and liane in D is more than that in C,The Shannon- Wiener index and the species＇ evenness showed that human- caused disturbance affected much more to the species at upper communities and the tall trees were not recovered entirely in D. it was suggested that the species diversity of communities could be maintained and even then increased by the combination of a certain degree of human - caused disturbance and mountain closure.