试析阿尔都塞和马克思对人本主义的批判

On Criticisms of Humanism by Althusser and Marx

马克思和阿尔都塞先后都对人本主义进行了批判,但两者的视角有所区别。阿尔都塞从结构主义观点出发对"人"或"主体"的否定无疑符合马克思、恩格斯的原意,但马克思从唯物史观和政治经济学原理出发对人本主义的批判较之阿尔都塞更全面、更科学、更彻底。

Karl Marx and Louis Althusser succesively criticized the Humanism, but they did in different angles. In one hand L. Althusser n the vision of the Sturucturalism negatived the concepts ＂human being＂ or ＂Subject＂, which tallies with what K. Marx and F. Engles thought; in the other hand K. Marx in the vision of the materialist conception of history and the principle of political economics criticized the Humanism. So K. Marx did more completely, more scientifically and more thoroughly.