被规制者对规制的滥用——对美国反垄断法偏离公益目标的历史考察

Regulation Abuse by the Regulated Firms——A historical review of the departure of American Antitrust Laws from public interest goal

反垄断法是美国市场经济的基本法。一般认为反垄断法的制定与实施都以公益目标为导向,但私人企业往往通过对反垄断法的利用与滥用,实现有利于己的福利转移,使反垄断法严重偏离了公益方向,由阻却市场力量的利器异化为谋取私利最大化的工具。对美国企业利用与滥用反垄断规制的考察,能为我国正在进行的反垄断立法乃至未来的执法提供一些借鉴。

Antitrust Laws are the basic laws of U.S.market economy.Generally, the goals of public interest are aimed at in Antitrust Laws＇ making and implementing. But some private enterprises sometimes take advantage of and abuse the Antitrust Laws for selfish benefits transfer, making the laws depart from their commonweal direction and turn the edge tool for preventing market power to be a tool for enlisting the private firms＇ most welfare. Through a review on the enterprises＇ misusing and abusing, the article examines the interest-group＇s role during the process of the goals of Antitrust Laws＇ dissimilation, and provides some references for China＇s Anti-Monopoly Law-making today and its enforcement in the future.