先秦惜时主题与中国文学中的个体价值追求——主题学与先秦文学关系研究的一个回顾

The Theme Of Cherishing Time Before Qin Dynasty And Individual Value Pursue In Chinese Literature——A Looking Back To The Themology And Literature Study Before Qin Dynasty

《诗经》忧生惜时,愿安稳度过有限人生时日,侧重在个体价值体现的物质生活与社会生活系统;《楚辞》侧重在及时建功立业,个体价值政治生活和精神生活系统;孔子的科学安排人时间,孟子的不违农时,庄子的将时间观念淡化等,都体现了对个体自我价值的重视。对个体价值的关注,还导致先秦文学中对于个体梦中世界体系建构。围绕着原始心态、巫术思维来象征性地实现血族复仇义务和个体使命,提倡不失时机地成功复仇。由此还派生出梦中雪恨、变形复仇等多重想像。从而先秦文学主题,成为中国众多抒情文学和叙事文学的百川之始。学术史总结也要客观定位。

There Is A Spirit Of Worried Life And Cherishing Time In Shi Jing, Which Shows A Desirability That People Want To Steadyly Spend Their Time, And Emphasize Particularly On The System Of Substance And Social Life That Was Showed By Individual Value. While The System Of Politics And Apirit Life Of The Individual Value That Mostly Include In Creating Achievement In Time In Chu Ci. The Individual Value Was Recognited In Science Arranging Time Of Confucius, The Time That The Plant Grow Be Disobeyed Of Mencius, And The Time Concept Be Desalt Of Zhuang Zi. The Attention To The Individual Value Leads To The System Construction Of The Individual Dream World Before Qin Dynasty. Owing To The Originality Psychology And Magic Thought, Symbolically Revenge Makes The Individual Mission Relized, And Succeedly Revenge In Time Was Advocated. Therefore, Many Kinds Imagine ,Such As Revenge In Dream, Revenge By Distortion And So On, Also Were Derived From. So The Literature Themology Before Qin Dynasty Becomes Forerunner Of Many Expressing One＇S Emotion Literature And Narrating Literature In Chinese.