菜地土壤和蔬菜中Cd暴露的人体健康风险分析

A Survey of Cadmium Exposure in Vegetables and Soils and the Potential Risks to Human Health

Cd对人体毒性极高,它通过土壤对人体的暴露途径也很多,尤其是通过饮食的暴露,已经越来越引起人们的重视。通过对南方某地区菜地中的几种蔬菜中的Cd进行研究,分析Cd在它们中的富集情况以及通过土壤及对应蔬菜中Cd的浓度,对这几种蔬菜进行聚类分析,比较它们对镉富集能力的差异。结果表明,青菜的富集能力最高,单独划为一类。镉的蔬菜暴露对人体总Cd暴露的贡献,春夏和秋冬分别为90.12%和80.76%,其中叶类菜达到了61.5%和51.25%,当地居民蔬菜的个人致癌年风险达到了1.4051×10-5·a-1,因此蔬菜镉对该地区的部分人群存在一定的潜在风险。

The hazardous is very high of cadmium ,and the paths of it exposed to the human through soil are so many, expecially the exposure of the food,so that people had paid more and more attention to it. Through the study of cadmium exposure in the common soil in a south area, beneficiation of cadmium in the vegetable were analyzed.With the concentration of cadmium in the soil and in the corresponding vegetable, hierarchical cluster has been done to compare the difference of their ability of cadmium beneficiation. The enrichment coefficient of the brassica chinensis is the highest and is independent in the hierarchical cluster.Also the contribution of cadmium exposure through the vegetable in the human whole health risks of cadmium exposure has been analyzed.The result is that spring and summer were 90.12%,autumn and winter were 80.76%,among it leaf vegetables were 61.5% and51.25% respectively,and the health risk of cadmium from food has been calculated in this text also, was 1.405 1 × 10^-5· a^-1. Consuming vegetables with elevated cadmium concentrations may pose a health risk to local residents, particularly the young, elderly, or ill.