气象灾害的危害层次及其防御抗救过程研究

Classification of Meteorological Disasters and Salvation Measures

不同的气象灾害对社会经济发展和人民生命财产安全可能造成的危害不同。根据气象灾害发生的严重程度和不同类别,将气象灾害对社会的危害划分为摧毁社会物质财富、威胁人类生命安全、破坏社会秩序、动摇社会心理四个层次,并对每个层次的危害表现和特征进行了分析。在此基础上,将气象灾害的防御抗救过程细分为社会预防过程、气象预警过程、社会组织过程、社会抗灾过程、社会救助过程,并对每个过程的内容、特点和应对措施进行了归纳和分析。

Different meteorological disasters may do harm to social and economic development and safety of people＇s lives and property in different degrees. The meteorological disasters classified by intensity and inhomogeneity of disasters include destroying substance, threatening the human lives＇ safcty hreaking the social order and perturbing the social mentality. The representations and characters of each level are analyzed respectively. Based on the above classification, salvation course against meteorological disasters are presented in five steps such as social prevention, meteorological warning, social organizing, social calamity resisting, and social ministering. The contents, characters and countermeasures of each course are analyzed and concluded.