历史地看待“金”的词性

Discussing the Part of Speech of the Word "Jin" from historical Perspective

关于"金"的词性,自从朱德熙先生在《语法答问》中分析为区别词之后,汉语学界一直存在着争论的声音。本文对不同的观点进行了简要地概述,并采用历史的观点进行了考察和分析,主张应当历史地看待"金"的词性:"金"正处于从词(古代的用法)向粘着语素语法化但又未完成的状态,既不能分析为名词,又不能分析为一个粘着语素,而是处于这两者之间,即词和粘着语素之间的"语法化"状态。

As for the part of speech of the word ＂Jin＂,there have been disputes over it in the Chinese academic circles since Mr.Zhu De-xi analyzed it as a distinguishing word.In this paper,the author briefly describes the different viewpoints,and by inspecting and analyzing it from the historical perspective,proposes that the part of speech of ＂Jin＂ should historically be treated.＂Jin＂ is grammaticalized from word（in ancient usage） to adhesive morpheme but in unfinished state.Therefore,it cannot be served as a noun or as an adhesive morpheme,but goes between them,i.e.the ＂grammatical state＂ between words and adhesion morpheme.