文化资本化与文化娱乐化:消费社会的两种范式

Capitalization of Culture and Entertainment of Culture: Two Modes of Consumer Society

在消费社会中,文化领域与经济领域的相互介入在两个向度上尤其明显:一是一般商品的生产消费越来越重视商品的符号价值,从而使文化因素成为社会经济活动中的主要力量之一;二是随着文化产业化的推进,在经济规律和技术发展的共同推动下,人们对文化产品的消费方式从观看转向了参与,并在很大程度上导致了文化观念的变迁,商业因素也由此在消费社会的文化活动中提升了自身的影响力。前者以文化的资本化,后者以文化的娱乐化为明显标志,成为消费社会显著的文化特征。

In the consumer society, there are two points for the cultural field and the economic field to interpenetrate： on the one hand, with the value of commodity as a sign being more and more important in the consumption, the cultural element becomes one of the major factors in the economic activities; on the other hand, with the development of cultural industrialization and the influence of economic laws and technological development, people become participants instead of observers in the consumption of cultural products, which to a great degree changes people＇s concept of culture and improves the function of commercial element in the cultural activities. The former point marks the capitalization of culture while the latter marks the entertainment of culture. These two points are the prominent features of culture in the consumer society.