黄河花园口某调蓄池产毒微囊藻和微囊藻毒素污染监测

Investigation of toxigenic microcystis and microcystin pollution in Huayuankou Conservation Pool of Yellow River

目的了解黄河花园口某调蓄池浮游藻类、蓝藻、产毒微囊藻和微囊藻毒素污染情况。方法从2005年3月～2006年1月,用2.5L有机玻璃采水器在该调蓄池共采样15次。采用血细胞计数板法计数浮游藻类细胞密度,用全细胞PCR检测产毒微囊藻的藻青蛋白基因中间序列和微囊藻毒素合成酶基因,用ELISA法检测水体微囊藻毒素浓度,并对全细胞PCR和ELISA阳性结果进行比较。结果该调蓄池浮游藻类主要是硅藻、绿藻、蓝藻和裸藻,其他藻类较少;优势藻门有随季节变化逐渐演替的规律,总藻细胞密度和蓝藻细胞密度夏秋季较高。藻青蛋白基因中间序列和微囊藻毒素合成酶基因从2005年7月至11月PCR检测结果阳性;微囊藻毒素从6月份开始检出,其变化范围在0～0.251μg/L之间,夏季最高;全细胞PCR与ELISA的阳性结果没有差异。结论黄河花园口某调蓄池有产毒微囊藻和微囊藻毒素污染,全细胞PCR可以用于自然水体中产毒微囊藻的快速检测。

Objective To investigate the contaminative condition of planktonic algae, cyanobactefia, toxigenic microcystis and microcystin in Huayuankou Conservation Pool of Yellow River. Methods From March 2005 to January 2006, water samples were taken 15 times by 2.5L plastic sampler from Huayuankou Conservation Pool. The density of algae were counted by using blood cell counter. Phycocyanin intergenic spacer region（PC-IGS） and microcystin synthetase gene B （mcyB） of toxigenic microcystis was identified by the whole cell PCR. The concentration of microcystin was determined by ELISA kit, The positive results of PCR and ELISA were compared. Results Bacillariophyta, chlorophyta, cyanophyta （cyanobacteria） and euglenophyta were main algaes in Huayuankou conservation pool, and the dominant algae and cell density changed seasonally. Algae cell density and cyanobacteria cell density were higher in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. From July to November, 2005, PC-IGS and mcyB were detected positively by whole cell PCR. Microcystin was positively detected from July, the concentration of microcystin changed from 0 to 0.251μg/L, it was more higher in summer than other seasons. Conclusion Toxigenic microcystis and microcystin could be detected in Huayuankou Conservation Pool of Yellow River. Whole cell PCR could be used to identify toxigenic microcystis.