中国居民膳食钙的摄入状况

Status of dietary calcium intake of Chinese residents

目的分析比较中国不同地区不同年龄性别人群膳食中钙的摄入状况。方法利用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查数据,全国31个省132个县23470户,其中城市7687户,农村15783户,调查人数为68962人,膳食调查采用连续3天24小时回顾法食物记录数据及称重记帐法记录的家庭调味品消费量数据。结果各年龄组的钙的摄入量均较低,在各年龄组男性钙的摄入量均高于女性,城市人群高于农村人群,大多数人的摄入水平只达到适宜摄入量(AI)的20%～60%,达到AI的人群不足5%,11～13岁年龄的青少年达到AI的人数最少,在1.1%～1.7%之间;中国居民的钙主要来源于蔬菜、豆类及制品、面、米及其制品,分别占35.2%、13.9%、11.2%和9.1%,奶及其制品只占4.3%。结论中国城乡各年龄人群钙的摄入量不足,处于青春发育期的儿童青少年是钙缺乏的重点人群。

Objective To describe the calcium intake of different age and gender residents in different area in China. Methods 68962 study participants were came from 23 470 households who were randomly selected from 132 counties in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and the municipalities in China. The 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used to collect food intake information, except for the condiment intake, which was collected by weighting method. Results The average intakes of calcium were low in Chinese population. The average intake of calcium of male people were more higher than those of female people, while the intake level of urban residents were more higher than those of rural residents. The calcium intake of the most persons could reach 20 % -60 % of adequate intake（AI）. Less than 5 % person＇s calcium intake could reach AI. Only 1.1% to 1.7% adolescents aged 11 years to 13 years whose calcium intake level could reach AI. The main sources of calcium were vegetable, bean and bean product, wheat and rice, which provided 35.2%, 13.9%, 11.2% and 9.1% calcium respectively, only 4.3% calcium came from dairy products. Conclusion The deficiency of calcium is a common problem in Chinese residents. In particular, the adolescents are the most serious group.