具有生物熏蒸能力的几种植物材料的筛选

Screening of Several Plants Suppressing Soil Borne Plant Fungi by Biofumigation

选用棉花枯萎菌、黄瓜腐霉菌和白菜根系非致病镰刀菌作为指示菌株,在马铃薯蔗糖琼脂培养基上测定芥蓝(Brassica alboglabra L. H. Bailey)、结球甘蓝(B. oleraceavar. capitata)、白花椰菜(B. oleracea L. var. botry-tisL)、球茎甘蓝(B. oleracea var. gongylodes)、苦菜[B. integrifolia (West) O.E.Schulz]、芹菜(Apium graveolens L.)、黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)和大葱(Allium fistulosum L.)的生物熏蒸能力。结果表明,不同材料的组织捣碎粉末对3种菌均具有抑制作用,其中芸苔属植物的熏蒸抑菌效果好于非芸苔属植物,球茎甘蓝熏蒸效果较稳定,且效果最好,在第7 d对棉花枯萎病菌的抑制效果仍然达91.9%;但各植物抑菌效果均随着培养时间的延长而逐渐下降。

Chinese broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kohlrabi, entire leaf mustard, celery, cucumber and fistular onion were selected to test their biofumigation of the soil borne fungi,Fusarium sp. non-pathogen from Chinese cabbage rhizoshpere, F. oxysporum,causing cotton wilt and Pythium aphanidermatyrm,causing damping-off of many plants in potato sugar agar medium. All of the plant ground powder repressed the three fungi. But the genus of Brassica had better biofumigation effect than the other plants,among which,kohlrabi had the most stable and best repression on the fungi and 91.9% repression on F. oxysporum at the seven day. The repression effect declined as time.