上海城市绿化带土壤蜱螨目群落结构与生物指标

Community structure of soil mites in Shanghai urban greenbelts and its significance as bio-indicator in assessing urban greenbelt soil quality

通过对上海城市绿化带6种典型环境土壤的调查,研究了城市绿化带土壤蜱螨目和其它小节肢类土壤动物的群落结构及其与土壤环境的关系。结果表明:城市绿化带土壤蜱螨目群落结构特征在很大程度上有别于自然土壤和农业土壤,反映了城市绿化带为一新型生态系统;城市绿化带土壤质量较差,但土壤蜱螨目仍然保持了较高的种类丰富度和密度,是恶劣环境评价的较好指示生物类群;除蜱螨目密度和种类丰富度外,甲螨亚目的无翼类、低等类和中气门亚目的种类丰富度和密度以及中气门亚目雌雄性比对环境变化敏感,且这些指标特征对不同环境土壤质量的评价结果基本一致,是较好的生物指标。

In the present study, the community structure of soil mites in the greenbelts around Shanghai City was investigated, aiming to understand its roles in assessing soil quality and improving greenbelt management practices. It was indicated that the community structure of soil mites in the urban greenbelts was quite different from those in natural and agricultural soils, suggesting that urban greenbelt was a newly developed ecological system. The urban greenbelts were poorer in soil quality, but the soil mites still had higher species richness and density, and consisted of a variety of species ranging from sensitive to resistant to stressed environment, being a good bio-indicator in assessing the degraded soil environment of urban greenbelts. The species richness and density of Oribatida and Mesostigmata, sex ratio of Mesostigmata, and the whole community structure of soil mites were sensitive to the soil environmental change, and the evaluation results from these indicators accorded well with each other, suggesting that they were useful bio-indicators for the soil quality of urban greenbelts.