氮肥和磷肥的施用量对杂交水稻产出效应的影响

Effects of the amount of N and P fertilizer application on hybrid rice output

对湖北省谷城县中稻主产区之一的盛康镇96户农民2005年杂交水稻大田氮肥、磷肥及钾肥施用量和水稻产量进行了抽样调查。分析结果表明,杂交水稻产量与土壤有机质、全N、速效磷和速效钾含量均呈正相关。其中产量对土壤磷含量高低的反应最为敏感。配方施肥能提高杂交水稻产量,N施用量以150 kg/hm2,P2O5施用量以75 kg/hm2以上为宜。杂交水稻大田每增施一个单位的纯N和P2O5,其相应的增产幅度比为1∶1.37,增收幅度比为1∶1.43,因此,稳氮增磷是盛康镇杂交水稻施肥增产的主攻方向。

According to the actual field data in Shengkang farms , Gucheng County, Hubei province, this paper analyzed the relation between the soil nutrient, the amount of N, P and K fertilizer applied and the rice yield. The result showed that the relation between the yield and the soil nutrient such as the total nitrogen （N） was positive correlation. Among them the yield reaction was sensitive to the content of phosphor （P） in soil. The balanced fertilization application techniques could help to improve rice yield while the amount of N should keep 150 kg/hm^2, and the amount of P2O5 should be 75 kg/hm^2 and up for higher rice yield. Furthermore, adding by 1 unit of N and P2O5, the ratio of yield increased was 1 ： 1.37, the ratio of income increased was 1 ： 1.43 respectively. Therefore, keeping N supply stable （ 150 kg/hm^2） and increasing P supply was an important strategy for improving hybrid rice output in Shengkang town.