职业与环境医学中的生物材料参考值

Reference Values for Biological Parameters in Occupational and Environmental Medicine

生物材料检测值在职业和环境医学中被广泛应用。传统上依正常值范围对生物材料检测值进行评价。近２０年来，随着对正常值范围的质疑和研究的深入，逐渐提出了生物材料整测值替代正常值范围的参考值概念，并提出了有关理论。其中以国际临床化学联合会和国际血液标准化委员会提出的参考值理论最具代表性。本文介绍这方面的主要结果，着重讨论有关数据处理和统计分析方法，通过举例演示建立参考限的过程。本文对参考限与决策限、参考带、多元参考值等也作了简短的讨论。

Biological parameters are extensively used in occupational and environmental medicine.They are traditionally evaluated by comparison with normal range.Since 1970′s,with the growing skepticism about normal range and researches' progress,the replacing notion of reference values and related theory had gradually come into being with the one which is the most representative, published by International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and International Committee for Standardization in Haematology.This paper introduces those results with emphatic discussion on data processing and statistical procedures.The process of establishing reference limits is illustrated by an example and issues on reference and decision limits,reference band,multivariate reference values are also briefly addressed.