西洋参化学成分及药理活性研究进展

A Review on Studies of the Components and Pharmacological Activity of Panax quinquefolium L.

目前西洋参皂苷类成分已分离鉴定出49种,其中:达玛烷型皂苷32种(新近发现的人参皂苷F1),齐墩果酸型皂苷3种,奥克梯隆醇型皂苷2种,其它类皂苷成分12种(新近发现的人参皂苷Rg6和Rg8);西洋参中还含有脂肪酸类、聚炔类、糖类、氨基酸类、甾醇类、黄酮类、无机元素类及挥发油类等活性成分。西洋参除传统的药理活性外,最新药理实验证明,西洋参果特别具有清除自由基的功能而产生抗氧化作用;并在抗肿瘤、降糖降血压、止吐及保护神经等方面具有良好的功效。

Forty-nine ginsenosides were identified in Panax quinquefolium L. ：thirty-two dammarane-type ginsenosides ,including the newly discovered ginsenosides F1; three oleanolic ginsenosides; two ocotillol ginsenosides,twelve other ginsenosides,including the newly discovered ginsenosides Rg6 and Rg8 ; other active ingredients：fatty acid, polyacetylene, sugar, amino acid, steroI, flavonoid, inorganic Element and volatile oil etc.except traditional pharmacological activities; it is indicated in modem research that Panax quinquefolium.L berry has the property of scavenging free radicals and products antioxidant effect;It also play good performance on anti-tumor, hypotensive effect, hypoglycemic effect, anti-nausea and neuroprotection etc.