自体骨髓基质细胞立体培养修复关节软骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental study of three-dimensional culture of marrow stromal cells for repair of articular cartilage defects

目的:探讨细胞载体Ⅰ型胶原海绵与骨髓基质细胞的组织相容性及利用自体骨髓基质细胞立体培养构建的组织工程软骨修复关节软骨的效果。方法:在24只4～6月龄新西兰大白兔股骨粗隆、胫骨下端进行骨穿,获取骨髓基质细胞进行体外培养、扩增,三代后获取足够细胞数量,制成108/ml细胞悬液,植入细胞载体Ⅰ型胶原海绵立体培养,2周后移植到直径3.5mm的软骨缺损面上,于1、2、3个月处死动物检查。结果:骨髓基质细胞与细胞载体Ⅰ型胶原海绵有良好的组织相溶性,形成自体组织工程软骨能完成关节软骨缺损修复。第1个月修复组织具备纤维软骨特征,第2个月具备透明软骨特征,第3个月修复组织具备透明软骨的生物学特性。结论:细胞载体Ⅰ型胶原海绵与骨髓基质细胞体外培养形成的组织工程软骨,能完成关节软骨的修复,修复组织为透明软骨。

Objective：To investigate the effects of three-dimensional culture of bone marrow stromal cells for the repair of articular cartilage defects.Methods：Twenty-four rabbits aged between 4 and 6 months were selected randomly for cells harvest.These cells were cultured for three generations.Then the cells were used to make 1×10^8 /ml suspend,and transplanted into collagenⅠsponge.Two weeks later,the cells were transplanted into self-cartilage with 3.5 mm diameter,and observed in Month One,Two and Three.Results：Bone marrow stromal cells can grow well in collagen Ⅰsponge.The cartilage forms and repairs the chondral defects.The repair organism featured fibro-cartilage in Month One.It showed characteristics of hyaline cartilage in Month Two and biologic functions in Month Three.Conclusions：The engineered cartilage can repair chondral defects and the hyaline cartilage is involved in repair organism.