猪用安全环保饲料应用技术的研究

Study on safe and environment-friendly feed for pig

为研究无抗生素、低微量元素用量及低氮、磷排放的猪用安全、环保型配合饲料,试验选用(10±0.65)kg的长×荣仔猪96头,按窝别、体重随机分为2个处理(对照组和试验组),对照组采用高铜、铁和锌预混料(较饲养标准高),试验组日粮根据饲养标准供给铜、铁和锌,添加益生素、植酸酶、中草药,并按理想蛋白质模式平衡氨基酸,其余营养水平均相同。试验结果表明:①在试验全期,试验组的日增重比对照组提高了10.52%(P<0.05),料重比降低了7.6%(P<0.05)。②试验组腹泻率比对照组降低了57.05%(P<0.01)。③对于粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙、磷和粗纤维的表观消化率,20～60kg阶段试验组比对照组分别提高了10.61%、11.36%、13.28%、21.99%(P<0.01)和5.79%(P<0.05);60～90kg阶段试验组比对照组分别提高了7.13%、8.17%、9.72%、22.96%(P<0.01)和5.12%(P<0.05)。④在20～60kg阶段,试验组的氮、磷总排出量比对照组分别降低了9.11%(P<0.05)和24.05%(P<0.01);在60～90kg阶段,试验组氮、磷总排出量比对照组分别降低了21.19%和19.26%(P<0.01)。⑤与对照组相比,试验组的肝脏和肌肉中的铜含量分别降低了97.34%和94.50%(P<0.01),在试验组肝脏和肌肉中未检出杆菌肽锌。

To develop a safe and environment-friendly feed for pig with no antibiotic , low contents of Cu, Fe and Zn, and low excretion of N and P. 96 Landrace×Rongchang pigs with initial body weight of （10±0.65） kg were divided into 2 groups（control and treatment group） randomly.The pigs of control group were fed a diet with addition of bacitracin zinc and high contents of Cu, Fe and Zn. The diet of treatment group were formulated based on ideal protein model,and mixture of herb, phytase and probiotics was used also in treatment group.The result showed：①Compared with control group,the daily weight gain of treatment group increased by 10.52% （P〈0.05）and F/G decreased by 7.6% （P〈0.05）during whole experimental phase;②Diarrhea rate of treatment group decreased by 57.05%（P〈0.01）at stage of 10-20 kg;③ About apparent digestibility of CP, EE, Ca,P and CF in treatment group, at the stage of 20-60 kg increased respectively by 10.61%,11.36%,13.28%,21.99% （P〈0.01）and 5.79%（P〈0.05）, and at the stage of 60-90 kg increased respectively by 7.13%,8.17%,9.72%,22.96%（P〈0.01）and 5.12%（P〈0.05）;④Compared with control group, N and P excretion of treatment group decreased respectively by 9.11% （P〈 0.05）and 24.05%（P〈0.01）at the stage of 20-60 kg,and decreased respectively by 21.19% and 19.26% （P〈0.01）at the stage of 60-90 kg; ⑤The Cu content in liver and muscle of treatment group was decreased by 97.34% and 94.50%（P〈0.01 ）.Bacitracin zinc residual was not determined in liver and mus- cle of treatment group.