班杜拉社会认知观的自我调节理论研究及展望

On Bandura's Self-regulatory Theory in Social Cognitive Perspective

近年来自我调节研究成为心理学研究领域中的热点课题之一,因为自我调节是一个复杂的、整合的过程,其中涉及到了关键性的动机变量与自我过程。根据班杜拉社会认知观的自我调节理论的研究,自我调节是个体、行为和环境三种因素的交互作用;自我调节过程及其伴随的信念可分为三个循环的阶段:预测、操作或意志控制、自我反省;社会和自然环境影响个体的自我调节;自我调节机能的失调主要应归因于无效的预测和操作控制技术;自我调节技能呈现出多水平的层次发展。同时,自我调节技能的多水平层次还需要在几个方面作进一步的证实。

The research on the self- regulatory theory has been focused recently because self- regulation is a complicated and in- tegrated process, which relates to the key motivational variables and self-processes. There are several points of Bandura＇ s views： Firstly, self- regulatory process is a kind of interaction among three factors： person, behavior and environment; Secondly, self- regulatory process and the beliefs which accompany it can be divided into three circulative stages： prediction, operational or volitional control and self- reflection; Thirdly, social environment can have an influence on self- regulation; Fotmhly, dysfunctions in self- regulation should be attributed to invalid prediction and operational control skills; Finally, the development of self- regulatory skill presents a more - level development.