乙醇脱氢酶2和乙醛脱氢酶2基因多态性及饮酒习惯与直肠癌易感性的研究

Association between ADH2/ALDH2 genetic polymorphism and habit of alcohol drinking and the susceptibility of rectal cancer

目的:研究乙醇脱氢酶2(ADH2)、乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因多态性与直肠癌易感性的关系。方法:采用病例-对照研究方法,以PCR-DH-PLC检测研究对象的ADH2/ALDH2基因型,比较不同的基因型及生活习惯与直肠癌的关系。结果:1)与不饮酒者相比较,饮酒者患直肠癌的危险性显著增高(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.47～3.28,P=0.000);2)多因素分析结果未发现ADH2、ALDH2各基因型与直肠癌的危险性有关。3)对ADH2、ALDH2基因多态相互作用的分层分析发现,同时携带ADH2A/A和ALDH2G/G基因型者,发生直肠癌的危险性显著增高(性别、年龄和吸烟调整OR=1.82,95%CI:1.07～3.09)。4)在饮酒者中,ADH2A/A、A/G+G/G基因型者患直肠癌的调整OR分别为2.56(95%CI:1.38～4.73)和2.10(95%CI:1.15～3.84);ALDH2G/G基因型者发生直肠癌的调整OR为1.82(95%CI:1.07～3.09)。结论:饮酒是直肠癌的危险因素;ADH2A/A与ALDH2G/G基因型在增加直肠癌易感性上有协同作用;ALDH2G/A+A/A基因型可减弱饮酒患直肠癌的危险性。

OBJECTIVE： To study the association between ADH2/ALDH2 genetic polymorphism and habit of alcohol drinking and the susceptibility of rectal cancer. METHODS： A case control study was conducted with 210 patients with rectal cancer and 439 population based controls in Jiangsu Province, China. ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were detected by PCR-DHPLC. RESULTS： 1）Alcohol drinking was associated with the increased risk of rectal cancer （adjusted OR=2.20, 95%CI： 1.47-3.28）. 2）Individuals with ADH2 A/A and ALDH2 G/G genotypes had an elevated risk with rectal cancer （adjusted OR= 1.82, 95%CI： 1.07-3.09）. 3）Drinkers with ADH2 A/A or A/G＋G/G and those with ALDH2 G/G were at a significantly risk of developing rectal cancer （adjusted ORADH2 A/A= 2.56, 95%CI： 1.38- 4.73, ORADH2 A/G＋ G/G=2.10, 95%CI： 1. 15-3.84,ORALDH2 = 2.63, 95%CI： 1.53 - 4.52）. CONCLUSION： Alcohol drinking might be a risk factor of rectal cancer, and the interaction might exist between polymorphisms of ADH2 A/A and ALDH2 G/G. ALDH2A allele may be a decreased risk fac- tor of rectal cancer.