不同类型肥料对烤烟产量、品质及土壤物理性状的影响

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD,QUALITY OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO AND THE PHYSICAL CHARACTER OF SOIL

采用随机区组设计,通过田间小区试验研究了施肥对烤烟生长发育、产量、品质及土壤物理性状的影响。结果表明:与等氮磷钾养分对照(T2)比较,烟草专用肥处理(T4)可以改善土壤的物理性状;有利于烟株稳健生长,形成理想的株型;降低烟叶的蛋白质含量、减小两糖差值,糖碱比和氮碱比更加适宜,改善烟叶品质;但是烟叶产量、中上等烟叶产量与等氮磷钾养分对照相似。与等氮磷钾养分对照(T2)比较,硝态氮与铵态氮配合施用(T3),烟叶产量和中上等烟叶产量显著提高,降低了烟叶的蛋白质含量,糖碱比和氮碱比适宜,烟叶品质较好。

The effects of fertilization on the growth, development, yield, quality of flue - cured tobacco and physical character of soil were studied through field trials by the randomized block design. The results showed that as compared with the equal chemical fertilizer （ T2 ）, tobacco special fertilizer could improve the physical character of soil and ensure steadily to form perfect plant figure. It decreased protein content and the difference between total sugar and reducing sugar, while harmonizing the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine, so it improved the chemical quality of leaves. But there was no difference in the yield of total leaves and mid - upper leaves.. Compared with the T2, applying NO - 3 - N and NH4 ＋ - N synchronously could increase the yield of total leaves and mid - upper leaves significantly. It decreased the protein content and had an appropriate ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine, so it improved the chemical quality of leaves.