山东省灌溉农业节水潜力计算分析——以02-04年为例

THE CALCULATING AND ANALYZING OF AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION WATER-SAVING POTENTIAL IN SHANDONG PROVINCE IN CASE OF 2002 TO 2004

山东属严重缺水省份,农业用水量约占了总用水量的74%,其它行业用水缺口大。农业灌溉用水的利用率较低,尚有较大节水潜力。本文从山东灌溉农业的作物需水量出发,综合考虑了有效降水、地下水补给、输水损失、田间损失等因素,计算出了山东省的灌溉农业整体需水量,与02年-04年实际灌溉用水量相比得出了山东农业此三年平均理论节水潜力为33.63×108m3。继而利用现实调节因子,得出了山东02年-04年农业实际平均节水潜力为30.27×108m3。为山东水资源宏观调控利用及节水规划提供理论依据。

Shandong belongs to the serious water shortage provinces in china, the water usage in agriculture accounts for about 80% of the total, and other industries have no sufficient water supply. The water use in agriculture irrigation is inefficient and there is great potential of water saving. This paper, from the crop -water requirement of irrigation agriculture in Shandong, considers effective precipitation, groundwater replenishment, water transport losing, and losing in the field etc. and then calculates that the theoretical average water saving potential between 2002 and 2004 is 33.63 hundred million m^3. By calculating the total need amount of water of irrigation agriculture in Shandong province, and preparing with the actual amount of the irrigation water, it is concluded out that the average actual water saving potential in Shandong agriculture between 2002 and 2004, by utilizing the theoretical regulating factors, is 30, 27 hundred million m3, if provides a theoretical foundation for water resources macro -regulation and water- saving programming in Shandong province.