上海2004年冬季城市大气气溶胶含Pb单颗粒物的来源查证

Source identification of single lead-containing particles in the ambient air of Shanghai city in winter 2004

采用质子微探针技术,分析单个大气气溶胶颗粒物.将微束质子激发X射线分析(Micro-PIXE)同计算机模式识别技术结合,查证上海市2004年冬季城市大气气溶胶PM10中含Pb单颗粒物的来源.结果在上海大气气溶胶PM10中识别出7种铅污染排放源,它们分别是:汽车尾气,钢铁工业排尘,燃煤烟尘,土壤扬尘,柴油车尾气,助动车尾气和水泥尘.其中,钢铁工业排尘和燃煤排尘是禁止使用加铅汽油后上海市地区大气铅污染的最主要排放源.

Single aerosol particles in Shanghai air in winter 2004 were analyzed by proton microprobe. The micro- PIXE coupled with a pattern recognition technique was applied to identify the sources of single lead-containing particles. Seven source types were identified. They were automobile exhaust, metallurgical industry, coal combustion, soil dust, diesel exhaust, motorcycle exhaust and cement dust. The lead pollution in Shanghai air was derived mainly from the metallurgical industry and coal combustion after phasing out leaded gasoline in 1997.