高职大学生心理健康状况调查分析及对策

Mental Health of First-year Student in Shenzhen Polytechnic: Survey & Proposals

目的,了解我校2006级大一学生心理健康状况,为有效开展心理健康教育和心理咨询提供依据。方法,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对6732名大一学生进行心理健康普查,与全国青年和大学生常模进行比较,对性别、文理科等群体进行比较。结果,①我校大一学生心理健康状况整体良好,优于全国常模;心理问题检出率为13.14%;强迫症状、人际关系敏感、敌对、抑郁问题突出。②女生躯体化、恐怖、抑郁症状比男生突出。③独生子女抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性、恐怖因子分高于非独生子女,差异非常显著。④文科与理科学生在躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、抑郁等症状上差异显著。结论,及时对大一学生开展心理健康普查,并有针对性地对开展心理健康教育和心理咨询服务,以提高高职大学生的心理健康水平。

To get information about the freshmen＇s mental health, carry out mental health education effectively and provide proof for mental consultation, the paper aims to evaluate mental health conditions of 6732 freshmen by using SCL-90. The results indicate that, among the freshmen, 13.14% of the students have mental derangement problems characterized by compulsive disorders, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, depression, and factors score of SCL-90 are markedly lower; There were significant differences between male and female in aspects such as body symptoms, horror and depression with the latter more noticeable; Depression, anxiety, hostility, psychiatry and crankiness are more prevalent among students who are the only child in their families; There are differences among majors of arts and sciences in body symptoms, anxiety and horror. It is concluded that regular mental-health check-up is necessary and psychological consultation should be encouraged to improve mental health of students in vocational and technological colleges.