海洋石油污染研究现状及防治

The Current Status of Petroleum Pollution of the Ocean and the Prevention

石油是海洋环境的主要污染物,已经对海洋及近岸环境造成了严重的危害。文章概述了海洋石油污染的原因、危害、微生物降解机理以及生物修复技术等内容,提出了微生物降解是海洋石油污染去除的主要途径。最后,提出以生物降解为基础,配合使用不会影响生物生长、繁殖的化学处理剂,将更好的处理海洋石油污染。

Petroleum is the main contaminant in seawater, which has severely damaged sea and beach environments. This article mainly analysis the reasons of the petroleum pollution, the damage of the petroleum pollution, the degradation mechanism by microorganisms and the bioremediation, then put forward that microbial degradation of petroleum contaminants is considered as to be the major decomposition process for decomposing petroleum contaminants in seawater. At last, the article suggests that on the foundation of bioremediation, the ocean petroleum pollution will be better treated by using some treatment additives together, which won＇ t work on the growth and reproducing of the organisms.