维生素A缺乏对雌性大鼠生长发育及胚胎影响

Effects of vitamin A deficiency on growth and development of female rats

目的建立维生素A(VA)完全及边缘缺乏的雌性大鼠模型,观察维生素A缺乏(VAD)对雌性大鼠及胚胎的影响。方法将初断乳SD雌性大鼠60只,随机分为VA缺乏组(AD)、VA边缘缺乏组(AM)、正常对照组(AN),喂饲VA含量不同的饲料,耗竭性喂养后交配。将交配后的雌鼠在各组内随机分为VA缺乏组(A)、VA缺乏妊娠0d补充组(B)、VA边缘缺乏组(C)、VA边缘缺乏妊娠0d补充组(D)。B、D组于妊娠第0d喂饲补充饲料。于妊娠第19.5d将所有孕鼠处死并观察胚胎发育情况。结果发生AD组雌鼠出现明显的生长发育抑制。A组胚胎全为吸收胎,C组胚胎生长发育明显低于AN及B、C组,而畸胎死胎出现率明显高于AN及B、C组。结论VAD可明显影响雌性大鼠及其胚胎的生长发育,孕期补充VA可有效降低VAD对胚胎的发育毒性。

Objective To investigate the effects of different levels of vitamin A deficiency （VAD） on the growth and development of female rats and their embryos. Methods Weaning female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, VA deficient group （AD）, VA marginally deficient group （AM）, VA normal group （AN）. 3 groups were fed different levels of VA. After being fed 50 days for depleting the VA store in body, the female rats copulated with male rats. All the copulated rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： VA deficient group （A）, VA supplement group （B）, VA marginally deficient group （C）, VA marginally deficient supplement group （D）. Both the B and D groups were fed VA - supplement diet at embryonic day 0（E0）. All the rats were sacrificed at E19.5. Results The growth and development of AD group was seriously retarded and some of them could not reproduce normally while the group AM was normal. All the embryos in group A were resorbted. The embryos with smaller size, malformation, early death were significant higher in group C compared with AN and supple- ment groups （B, D）. Conclusion Serious VAD can inhibit the growth and development of female rats and prevent their maturity and reproduction, and its malformation and lethality of embryo were notable. The supplement of VA can decrease the malformation and lethality of embryos during pregnancy.