老年抑郁症与社会支持和躯体疾病关系

Analysis on incidence of geriatric depression and factors of social support and body disease

目的探讨老年抑郁症发病与社会支持和躯体疾病因素的关系。方法以老年精神状况量表计算机统计系统(GMS-AGECAT)与最小抑郁危险因素(MDS)量表为调查工具,对基线调查时确定的非抑郁老年人进行队列研究。采用SPSS10.0软件进行χ2检验、Logistic回归分析。结果独居(χ2=8.438,P=0.004)和担心子女(χ2=5.297,P=0.021)的老年人其发病率显著高于非独居和不担心子女的老年人。经常与亲人、朋友交流、能获得需要的帮助、有可信任朋友的老年人发病率要低于无上述因素的老年人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析表明,是否独居、是否担心子女、与亲戚交流频率,以及有无可信任朋友是老年抑郁症发病率的影响因素(P<0.05)。患有心脏病、中风或偏瘫老人患抑郁症高于无此2种病者(P<0.05),而患其他疾病间没有差异。患躯体疾病种类多,患抑郁症者高(P<0.05)。结论非独居、不担心子女、经常与亲戚交流,以及有可信任朋友可降低老年抑郁症发病率。社会支持是老年抑郁症发病率的重要影响因素,身体疾病也是老年抑郁症的影响因素。

Objective To examine the relationship of the incidence of geriatric depression and factors of social support and body disease. Methods Non-depressed elderly of the study on the prevalence of depression among the elderly was followed up with a one-year interval by using the GMS-AGECAT and MDS. The data was analyzed by SPSS 10.0 using x^2 analysis, Logistic regression. Resdts There was significant difference of incidence of geriatric depression between the elderly living alone, worrying about their chidren and non. Communicating with relatives or friends frequently, getting help when need or having faithful friends with low incidence（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Logistic regression analysis showed that living alone, worrying about their children, communicating with relatives frequently, and having faithful friends were influencing factors of geriatric depression. The elderly with heart disease, stroke or hemiplegy more suffered from geriatric depreesion than the elder wthout this 2 types of body diseases, but suffered from other diseases without significant difference. The more the types of body disease were, the higher the incidence of geriatric depression was （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Living not alone, not worrying about their chidren, communicating with relatives frequently, and having faithful friends could decrease the incidence of geriatric depression. Social support was a very import influnencing factor of geriatric depression, so was body disease.