围绝经期女性抑郁焦虑症及影响因素分析

Analysis on depression and anxiety disorders and their influencing factors in perimenopause women

目的了解青岛市围绝经期妇女抑郁、焦虑发生情况及影响因素。方法采取整群与随机抽样结合方法,选取1600名35～59岁的女性,采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行问卷调查。结果抑郁症、焦虑症的发生率分别为2.06%,1.19%;45～54岁组发生率最高(P<0.05)。不同年龄组抑郁及焦虑分数比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。年龄、人际关系、对工作和生活失去兴趣、易烦躁、增加腹压时溢尿、失眠、耳鸣为抑郁、焦虑分数的影响因素,影响抑郁分数的还有生活压力、生活水平、焦虑、外阴瘙痒;影响焦虑分数的还有多疑、尿频、颈椎疼痛。结论围绝经期女性更容易发生抑郁焦虑症。除生理因素外,家庭、社会、经济、个性等均是其影响因素。

Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety symptoms in perimenopause women in Qingdao area. Methods It was a stratified randomized sampling investigation. Self-rating depression scale（SDS） and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） were used in 1 600 women aged 35 --59. Results In these women the prevalence of depression was 2.06 % and of anxiety was 1.19%. The prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in the group of people aged 45 -- 54 was the highest （P 〈0.05）. There was significant difference on the SAS scores and SDS scores among different age groups（P 〈 0. 001 ）. The common influencing factors of depression and anxiety scales included age, interpersonal relation, losing interest of jobs and lives, dysphoria, urine being excessive while increasing abdominal pressure, insomia, tinnitus. Pressure of existence, living standard, anxiety, itch in the vulva were influencing factors of depression scales; suspicious, frequent micturltion, pain of cervical vertebra were influencing factors of anxiety scales. Conclusion The perimenopause women are more easy to occure depression and anxiety disorders. Except for physiology factors, family, society, economy and individuality are their influencing factors.