胰岛素不同给药途径对糖尿病小鼠葡萄糖代谢的影响

Insulin administration on glucose metabolism in alloxan diabetic mice

目的:观察胰岛素治疗对糖尿病小鼠口服葡萄糖代谢的影响。方法:四氧嘧啶诱导小鼠糖尿病模型。糖尿病小鼠[14C]-葡萄糖灌胃,同时腹腔或皮下注射胰岛素。每隔一定时间取尾静脉血测血糖和放射性,2h后处死小鼠,取心、肝、肾组织测放射性。结果:糖尿病小鼠口服[14C]-葡萄糖后血糖迅速上升,但其血液放射性水平与正常小鼠和胰岛素给药小鼠无差异。糖尿病小鼠皮下注射胰岛素50%出现低血糖。口服[14C]-葡萄糖后2h,糖尿病小鼠肝、肾放射性水平分别是正常小鼠的4倍和1.5倍,心脏放射性水平降低为正常小鼠的30%。腹腔注射胰岛素的糖尿病小鼠肝、肾和心脏的放射性水平与正常小鼠无统计学差异。皮下注射胰岛素使50%小鼠血糖降至正常,但其肝、肾的放射性水平仍显著高于正常小鼠。对于因皮下注射胰岛素而处于严重低血糖的糖尿病小鼠,肝、肾的放射性水平与正常小鼠无统计学差异,心脏的放射性水平仍显著低于正常小鼠。结论:皮下胰岛素给药可以纠正血糖,但不能纠正糖代谢异常。

AIM： To determine the effect of insulin treatment on oral glucose metabolism in diabetic mice. METHODS： Diabetic mouse model was induced by alloxan and the diabetic mice were given [ ^14C] glucose by gastric gavage, and then treated with insulin intraperitoneally（IP） or subcutaneously （SC）. Diabetic control and the normal control group did not receive any insulin treatment. Glucose and radioactivity in the tail vein blood were detected continually. Mice were sacrificed after 2 hours and radioactivities of the heart, liver and kidney were measured. RESULTS： After given [^14 C ] glucose by gastric gavage for 2 hours, blood glucose of diabetic control mice was in the hyperglycemic range, but there were no differences among diabetic control, the normal control and the insulin treated diabetic mice（IP, SC） in terms of the radioactivities in the blood. 50% of diabetic mice treated with insulin subcutaneously （SC） displayed euglycemia. 2 hours after given [^14C ] glucose, the radioactivities in liver and kidney of diabetic control were 4 times and 1.5 times that of the normal control separately. The radioactivities in the heart of diabetic control decreased by 70% in comparison with that of the normal control. The radioactivities in liver, kidney and heart of intraperitoneal insulin treated mice （IP） were equal to those in normal mice. The radioactivities in liver and kidney of subcutaneous insulin treated mice with euglycemia （SC-1） were higher than those of the normal control. There was no difference between subcutaneous insulin treated mice with hypoglycemia（SC-2） and the normal control in the radioactivities in liver and kidney. The radioactivity in heart of SC-2 mice group was still lower than that of the normal control. CONCLUSION： These finding indicates that subcutaneous insulin administration, which achieved euglycemia, can not normalize oral glucose metabolism.