深圳市2003—2006年5岁以下儿童死因分析

Analysis of Death Cause Under 5 Years Old Children Mortality in Shenzhen from 2003 to 2006

目的了解深圳市5岁以下儿童死亡原因及趋势,提出干预措施。方法收集2003—2006年深圳市5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料,计算婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率及5岁以下儿童主要死因别死亡率。结果2006年深圳市婴儿和5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为4.93‰和6.16‰,较2003年(7.83‰和10.04‰)分别下降了37.04%和38.61%。5岁以下儿童的早产和低出生体重、先天性心脏病、溺水、交通意外死亡率有明显下降趋势。早产及低出生体重是婴儿死亡的首位死因,1～4岁儿童的首位死因为溺水。结论2003—2006年,深圳市婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率有明显的下降趋势,我们应做好围产期保健工作,提高产科儿科质量,加强对意外死亡率的管理,以期进一步降低5岁以下儿童死亡率。

OBJECTIVE To study the death change trend and the major death causes of ehildren under 5 years old in Shenzhen. METHODS The data were collected from the Shenzhen child mortality surveillance network. The infant mortality rate （IMR） and under 5 years old mortality rate （U5MR） and the mortality of the major death causes were calculated. RESULTS The IMR and U5MR in Shenzhen dropped to 4.93, 6.16 per 1 000 live births in 2006, respectively （they were respectively 7.83%0, 10.04% in 2003）, which declined 37.04%, 38.61% from 2003 to 2006. There was a steady decline in the UsMR due to premature birth and low birth weight, congenital heart disease, drowning, traffic accident. The first cause of death was premature birth and low birth weight in infants. The first cause of death of 1-4 years old children was drowning. CONCLUSION In Shenzhen, the overall decline in IMR and U5MR from 2003 to 2006 was spectacular. Corresponding policy should be made and practiced, including doing well prenatal health sale work, improving quality of obstetric and pediatric, enhancing the management of accident death. The mortality of children under 5 years old would be reduced further.