五道梁大气气溶胶的化学组成和浓度及其季节变化

THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND CONCENTRATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL AT WUDAOLIANG AND ITS SEASONAL VARIATION

利用１９９３年９～１０月和１９９４年４～５月及７～８月在青藏高原五道梁采集的大气气溶胶元素浓度资料，分析了气溶胶化学组成的总体特征和浓度及其季节变化。结果表明：五道梁低层大气中气溶胶在总体上保持着自然大气的组成，以地壳土壤元素为主，由人类活动造成的污染轻微。春季的气溶胶浓度约为秋季的１．７５倍，夏季可能与秋季接近，基本上反映了五道梁低层大气气溶胶浓度的季节变化特征。按元素质量浓度的季节变化特征可将其分成三类：地壳组成元素与气溶胶浓度的季节变化完全相同；Ｎａ元素的质量浓度在秋季约为春季的１．１５倍，Ｎａ与典型地壳元素Ａｌ和Ｆｅ的浓度比在春季与地壳平均值基本相同，在秋季则约高一倍；

The chemical composition as well as concentration and its seasonal variation of aerosol were analysed by use of the data of the concentrations of the chemical elements in the aerosol sampled at Wudaoliang during the periods September～October 1993,April～May and July～August 1994 The composition of aerosol in the lower atmosphere at Wudaoliang is basically same as the natural atmosphere, this means that the chemical elements of the soil are the main components of the aerosol, and the pollution materials caused by human activities is not at all serious The mean total concentration of aerosol in spring is about 1 75 times larger than that in autumn, but is nearly the same in summer,autumn and spring The elements of aerosol composition can be divided to three types according to their seasonal variation of the concentration; the typical crustal elements, the seasonal variations of their concentration are the same as that of the totals; the second is Na, its concentration in autumn is about 1 15 times larger than that in spring, the ratios of it to Al or Fe are as same as that of crustal mean in spring, but about 2 times larger in autumn;the third is some rare earth elements, their concentrations are nearly the same in the year