中坡国家森林公园蕨类植物区系分析

Flora Analysis of Pteridophyte in Zhongpo National Forest Park

对中坡国家森林公园的蕨类植物分类、区系组成及其特点进行了研究.结果表明:中坡共有蕨类植物28科53属85种,主要科为鳞毛蕨科、水龙骨科、凤尾蕨科和金星蕨科;主要属为凤尾蕨属、鳞毛蕨属、耳蕨属和卷柏属;科的分布类型以世界分布和泛热带分布为主,属以泛热带属和热带亚洲属最多,种以东亚分布类型为主并表现出明显的亚热带特点;生态类型主要为土生,其次是石生类型.蕨类区系与贵州的关系最为密切.蕨类物种密度为每km2 6.2种,在纬度相近的9个保护区中仅次于云南西山.中坡拥有桫椤和金毛狗等2种国家重点保护蕨类和7种中国特有的蕨类.桫椤在中坡的发现,对于研究其演变具有一定的意义.

The classification, composition and characteristics of pteridophyte flora in Zhongpo National Forest Park have been researched. The result shows that there are 85 species belonging to 53 genera and 28 families. Of the pteridophyte, Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Pteridaceae and Thelypteridaceae are the dominant families, while Pteris, Dryopteris, Polystichum and Selaginella are the dominant genera. Most of the families belong to cosmopolitan or pantropic distribution types, and most of the genera belong to pantropical or tropic Asia types, while most of the species belong to East Asia type and represented to the features of subtropics. Main ferns in Zhongpo National Forest Park are autochthonism or saxicolous. As to the genetic relationship, it is most closely related to Guizhou＇s. There are 6.2 species per square kilometer in Zhongpo National Forest Park, which is the second highest area in the nine similar-latitude natural reservations, only less than Xishan Natural Reservation＇s. In Zhongpo National Forest Park, there are two national key protective ferns Cibotium barometz and Alsophila spinulosa and seven ferns of endemic to China. The discovery of A lsophila spinulosa is valuable to further study their evolution.