论悲剧性审美范式对于20世纪中国文学的意义

The Significance of the Tragic Paradigm for Chinese Literature in the 20th Century

"悲剧性"审美范式被20世纪中国文学偏狭化的接受为"社会悲剧",成为"五四"和"新时期"文学的主导审美范式,不仅充分实现了文学的政治文化功能,整体上提高了中国文学作品的悲剧性蕴涵,而且作为新的批评范式,重估了中国旧文学,推动了文学研究方法的自觉和文学观念的现代化。但"偏狭化"接受,特别是其极端发展的"英雄性"范式,遮蔽了"悲剧性"的人本体探索功能,从整体上弱化了20世纪中国文学人性反思的深度和广度。

The tragic paradigm had narrowly accepted as a “social tragedy” and became a predominant aesthetic paradigm of the “May Fourth” and “the New Period” Chinese literature in the 20th century, which embodied the political and cultural function of literature, and generally improved the tragic connotations of the Chinese literary works, and as a new critic paradigm re-estimated the Chinese old literature and promoted the modernization of research methods and literary view in the 20th century. But the narrow acceptance of the tragic paradigm, especially the extreme development of the “heroism” paradigm, hinders the humanism exploration of the “tragedy” and weakened the humanism introspection of Chinese literature in the 20th century from the whole.