聚酰亚胺纳米纤维碳化及其储电性能研究

Carbon Nanofibers Made from Carbonization of Polyimide Nanofibers and Their Characteristic of Charge Storage

以联苯四甲酸二酐和对苯二胺为单体,在低温下反应形成聚酰胺酸溶液,电纺该溶液形成聚酰胺酸纳米纤维布,并热亚胺化和碳化形成碳纳米纤维布,用热天平、扫描电镜等手段对纳米纤维的尺寸、形貌、导电性以及碳化过程进行了观察和表征.通过模拟电容器实验,对碳纳米纤维布作为超级电容器电极材料使用时的储电性能进行了检验,测得这种碳纳米纤维布在0.5 mol/L高氯酸锂-乙腈电介质中的最高比电容量为118.5 F/g.

Polyimide （PI） precursors, poly（ p- phenylene biphenyhetracarboxamide acid） （PAA）, were synthesized from 3,4,3＇ ,4＇-biphenyhetracarboxylic dianhydride （BPDA） and p- phenylenediamine （PDA） in solvent DMAc. The as-synthesized PAA was electrospun into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 100 nm to 300 nm. The non-woven fabric mats composed of the as-electrospun nanofibers were imidized and carbonized at high temperature in nitrogen atmosphere. SEM, TGA were used to characterize the size, morphology of the electrospun PAA nanofibers and carbonized nanofibers as well as the carbonization process of PAA nanofibers.. The electrodes made from the carbon nanofiber mat were charaterized by cyclic voltammetry and constant current charge-discharge tester in Lithium perchlorate （LiC104）-Acetonitrile （AN） solution. The supercapacitor using carbon nanofiber mats as electrodes is reversible, and the maximum specific capacitance was 118.5 F/g.