低温胁迫对不同耐寒性茄子品种光合特性的影响

Effects of the Low-temperature Stress on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Eggplant Varieties with Different Cold Resistance

研究在低温条件下不同耐寒性茄子品种的光合特性及其变化规律。以兰州长茄(强耐寒性)、荷苞长茄(中等耐寒性)和美国红茄(弱耐寒性)为试材,研究低温胁迫对不同耐寒性茄子品种的光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度的影响。5℃低温下,3种茄子光合速率减少、呼吸速率增加,兰州长茄、荷苞长茄和美国红茄的光合速率比对照分别降低了2.61、2.67和3.46μmol/(m2.s)。低温处理2 d后3种茄子气孔导度均急剧降低,兰州长茄、荷苞长茄和美国红茄分别比对照降低52.78%、57.35%和73.78%,且差异均极显著。经低温处理3种茄子叶片胞间CO2浓度均有增加,兰州长茄、荷苞长茄和美国红茄比对照分别增加11.92%、10.16%和18.87%,差异均极显著。耐寒性强的茄子品种在低温下能维持较强的光合作用,这可降低低温对它的伤害程度。

The aim of the research was to investigate photosynthetic characteristics of eggplant varieties with different cold-resistance and their change law under low-temperature conditions.With Lanzhou long eggplant with strong cold resistance, Hebao long eggplant with medium cold resistance and America red eggplant with weak cold resistance as test materials, the effects of low-temperature stress on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of eggplant varieties with different cold-resistance were studied, Under low temperature of 5 ℃, photosynthetic rates of three kinds of eggplant varieties were decreased and respiration rates were increased. Photosynthetic rates of Lanzhou long eggplant,Hebao long eggplant and America red eggplant respectively decreased 2,61,2.67 and 3.46 μmol/（m^2.s）compared with that of CK. After low-temperature treatment for 2 d, stomatal conductance of 3 kinds of eggplant varieties were reduced rapidly, which of Lanzhou long eggplant,Hebao long eggplant and America red eggplant were decreased by 52.78% ,57.35% and 73.78% respectively and the difference between the treatment and CK was all extremely significant, Intercellular CO2 concentrations of leaf in 3 kinds of eggplant varieties were all increased after low temperature,which in Lanzhou long eggplant,Hebao long eggplant and America red eggplant were increased by 11.92% ,10.16% and 18.87% respectively and the difference were all extremely significant. Under low temperature,the eggplant varieties with strong cold-resistance could maintain stronger photosynthesis,which could reduce the harm caused by low temperature.