广西共生型野生松乳菇的驯化研究

Study on the Domestication of Paragenesis Wild Lactarius deliciosus in Guangxi

为了合理开发和利用野生食用菌资源,寻找适合松乳菇生长的人工培养基。从山地松林上采集野生松乳菇,设计5个母种培养基和7个原种、栽培种培养基进行组织培养以及室内、室外和半人工模拟栽培试验,观察菌丝的生长情况。5个母种培养基均适宜松乳菇菌丝体的生长,最佳母种培养基为:马铃薯200.00 g、葡萄糖20.00 g、琼脂20.00 g、蛋白胨2.00 g、硫酸镁1.90 g、磷酸二氢钾3.75 g、VB112.5 mg、水1 000 ml。7个原种、栽培种培养基对菌丝生长速度和长势均有显著影响,最佳原种、栽培种培养基为:棉籽壳88%、松木屑10%、糖2%。人工栽培和半人工模拟栽培均可观察到菌丝体的生成。该研究为松乳菇的人工栽培奠定了基础。

The research aimed to develop and utilize wild resources of edible fungi and seek suitable artificial medium for the growth of Lactarius deliciosus. Wild L. deliciosus were collected from pine forest of mountain, 5 mother mediums and 7 mediums for protospecies and cultispecies were designed for tissue culture, indoor, outdoor and partial-artificial simulation culture tests to observe the growth conditions of mycelium. 5 mother culture mediums were all suitable for the mycelium growth of L, deliciosus. The optimum mother culture medium was as follows： potato of 200 g, glucose of 20 g, agor of 20 g, peptone of 2 g,magnesium sulfate of 1.9 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 3.75 g,VB1 of 12.5 rag and water of 1 000 ml.7 mediums for protospocies and eultispecies all had significant effects on growth rate and growth vigor of mycelium. The optimum culture medium for protespecies and cultispecies was as follow： cotton seed hull of 88% ,pine sawdust of 10% and sugar of 2%. Mycelium could be observed in artificial and partial - artificial simulation cultivation. The research laid the foundation for artificial cultivation of L. deliciosus.