仪式展演与象征意义:民间仪式中的多神信仰及其社会功能——三川土族“纳顿”节及多神信仰习俗的人类学考察

Between the Ceremony Playact and Symbolic Meaning:The Civil-ritual of Gods'Beliefs & Social Functions

信仰是一种观念,仪式却是一种实践。民间仪式的社会功能在于加强社会的凝聚力,把社会的价值灌输给个人;仪式也是演绎着社会的冲突与平衡的舞台。现代人类学通过反思仪式及其展演,透过仪式的象征秩序和象征意义,揭示它与社会政治、经济等的关系。"纳顿"傩祭遗俗,不仅仅是人神共舞的民间舞台,它还是民间底层社会资源、权利、公共空间、经济利益等分配、再分配的博弈场域;这里也是乡民社会秩序整合与调适的平台,是民族文化传统延续、再延续的生命场。但是,在一种全球化话语的背景中,变适毕竟是难免的。

Faith is a concept, but the ritual is a practice. The social function of Civil - ritual is to strengthen social cohesion, and instilled the social values into personal; the ritual is a stage where to playact of social conflict and the balance. Modern anthropology has through the reconsider for the ritual and playact, and via the ritual＇s symbolic order and symbolic meaning to reveal the political, economic and other relations. The relic rite of ＂Nadun＂ that offer a sacrifices to god and driving away the plague, and not only a civil arena where the people and god to dancing, but also it＇s a game playing field where the bottom of civil society to distribution, and redistribution of the resources, fights, public space, and economic interests. And here is a platform for integration and adaptation to the social order, to extend the traditional continuity of the national culture. However, in a speech to the background of globalization, after all, the changes is inevitable