生物柴油原料植物油瓜的开发利用

Development Strategy for a Biodiesel Plant,Large-fruited Hodgsonia

分析了我国能源的现状,认为用生物柴油等新型能源代替石化能源已经迫在眉睫,提出了发展生物柴油对我国能源战略和经济发展具有重要意义。油瓜种仁含油量高达70%,远高于大豆、油菜、小桐子等生物柴油原料植物的含油量;其脂肪酸由14～18个碳链组成,组分与由15个碳链组成的柴油十分相近;油瓜适应范围广、发展潜力大,适于在华南、西南和东南的广大地区发展;生长、结实能力强,结果期早,生长周期快,明显优于其它木本油料植物;繁殖容易,可采用有性和无性两种方式繁殖,而且成本较低。

The status of Chinaese energy sources was briefly analyzed in the present paper. It was believed that new types of energy such as biodiesel instead of petrochemical energy would become an urgent development trend. The significance of biodiesel in energy strategy and economic development was proposed. The large-fruited hodgsonia （Hodgsonia macrocarpa, Cucurbitaceae） the kind oil content to reach as high as 70%, greatly higher than biological diesel oil raw material plant＇s and so on the soybean, rape, small tung oil tree nuts oil contents; Its fatty add is composed by 14-18 carbon chains, the component with the diesel oil is composed by 15 carbon chains is extremely close; The large-fruited hodgsonia adaptation scope very broad and great potential for development, it suitable for general development in South China, southwest and the southeast; The growth, solid ability, the fruiting period short, growth cycle are fast, surpasses other arboreal oil woody plants obviously; Reproduces easily, available two ways sexual and asexual reproduction, and lower costs.