理学贞节观藩篱下的清代甘肃妇女

Gansu Women Fettered by the Confucian Duteous Concepts in the Qing Dynasty

自宋以降,理学贞节观便被当权者奉为规范妇女行为的伦理准则。明清时期,贞节观对于广大妇女的束缚更达到了无以复加的地步。由于甘肃政府对理学贞节观的极力提倡和家庭的传统教育,深受影响的广大妇女有的对已死去的丈夫忠贞不二、不愿改嫁,有的为保贞节而不得不选择死亡,有的未婚守贞,逐渐形成了节妇、烈妇和贞女三种类型。

Since the Song Dynasty, the Confucian duteous concepts had been deified as codes of ethics of women＇ s conduct. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, women were fettered so much by the duteous concepts that they felt they had touched bottom and could sink no lower. Because of Gansu government＇ s emphatic advocate of the concepts and the traditional education of families, some of the deeply affected women were unswervingly loyal to their late husbands, unwilling to be remarried; some had to choose death to practice their chastity, and still others even went so far as to practice chastity without marriage. The above three gradually formed three types of duteous women, sacrificed heroines and vestal virgins.